We Are Available in Sanand, Ahmedabad
Add- Plot No- E-372, BOL- GIDC Sanand II, Ahmedabad- 382170, Gujarat, India
API 5L Carbon Steel Pipe, Seamless carbon steel pipe has, no longitudinal weld seam. Therefore it is made up of one solid homogeneous piece of steel 1/2” Nominal to 24” O.D. If you are searching for the best price of High Yield Carbon Steel Pipe, Carbon Steel Pipe Manufacturers in Raurkela, Odisha you can mail us our business group can give you Carbon Steel Erw Pipe, low carbon steel pipes, Carbon Steel Underground Pipe, Carbon Steel Boiler Tube and Carbon Steel Pipe Suppliers Price List inside four hours from receipt of your RFQ.
Carbon Steel Welded Pipe Suppliers can be utilized in water wells, since Carbon Steel ERW pipe Suppliers are multiple times less expensive than Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe of rumored for Carbon Steel Pipe Suppliers in India, Japan, Taiwan, USA, Italy, UK or China. In our ready stock, you can get 16" SCH 40 Carbon Steel Pipe, plan 80 carbon steel pipe, plan 160 pipes and timetable 10 pipes in low carbon steel, MSI Fittings is carbon steel saw funnels makers in Odisha.
We have a large scale unit engaged in stocking and exporting Carbon Steel Welded Pipe, Carbon Steel ERW Pipe, CS EFW Pipe, Carbon Steel Rectangular Pipes, Carbon Steel Square Pipe, API 5L Carbon Steel Line Pipes, carbon steel pipes and carbon steel welded pipes, and electro-galvanized steel pipes. ERW Seamless Pipe, Carbon Steel Line Pipes, Carbon Steel Cold Drawn Seamless Pipes Wall Thicknesses ranging from Schedule 40 up to 4.000”. We offer wide size, range and wall thicknesses in High Yield Carbon Steel Pipe, Carbon Steel ERW pipe Suppliers and Carbon steel Welded pipes Suppliers. We can offer the best cost on carbon steel pipe, Seamless Steel Pipes can be partitioned into ERW channels, SSAW Pipes and LSAW funnels as indicated by a welding technique, LSAW and HSAW are kinds of SAW funnels.
Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe Dimensions | ASTM, ASME and API |
---|---|
Api 5l Carbon Steel Pipe Size | 1/2 NB to 36 NB |
Api 5l Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe Thickness | 3-12mm |
Schedules | SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 160, SCH XS, SCH XXS, All Schedules |
High Carbon Steel Tube Origin | European, Japanese, Korean, US, Russian, Indian (Strictly No Chinese Material) |
Type | Seamless / ERW / Welded / Fabricated |
Form | Round, Hydraulic Etc |
Carbon Steel Tube Material Length | Min 3 Meters, Max18 Meters, or according to customer’s requirement |
Jis Carbon Steel Pipe End | Plain End, Beveled End, Treaded |
Specialized in | Large Diameter Carbon Steel Pipe, seamless carbon steel pipe, carbon steel pipe suppliers, carbon steel seamless pipe suppliers, carbon steel erw pipe suppliers, carbon steel welded pipe suppliers, Api 5l Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe |
Carbon Steel Pipe Types | Out diameter | Wall thickness | Length |
---|---|---|---|
NB Sizes (in stock) | 1/8” ~ 8” | SCH 5 / SCH 10 / SCH 40 / SCH 80 / SCH 160 | Upto 6 Meters |
API 5L Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe Suppliers(Custom Sizes) | 5.0mm ~ 203.2mm | As per requirement | Upto 6 Meters |
Carbon Steel Welded Pipe Suppliers(in Stock + Custom Sizes) | 5.0mm ~ 1219.2mm | 1.0 ~ 15.0 mm | Upto 6 Meters |
Maximum working pressure of CS Pipe Schedule Pressure Rating at temperature 400°F
The dimensions - outside pipe diameters and wall thicknesses are according ANSI B36.10.
Maximum Allowable Pressure (psi) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NPS | Outside Diameter | Schedule | ||||||||||||
(in) | (in) | 10 | 20 | 30 | STD | 40 | 60 | XS | 80 | 100 | 120 | 140 | 160 | XXS |
1/4 | 0.54 | 7985 | 7985 | 10798 | 10798 | |||||||||
3/8 | 0.675 | 6606 | 6606 | 9147 | 9147 | |||||||||
1/2 | 0.84 | 6358 | 6358 | 8575 | 8575 | 10908 | 17150 | |||||||
3/4 | 1.05 | 5273 | 5273 | 7187 | 7187 | 10220 | 14373 | |||||||
1 | 1.315 | 4956 | 4956 | 6670 | 6670 | 9316 | 13340 | |||||||
1 1/4 | 1.66 | 4133 | 4133 | 5638 | 5638 | 7380 | 11276 | |||||||
1 1/2 | 1.9 | 3739 | 3739 | 5158 | 5158 | 7247 | 10316 | |||||||
2 | 2.375 | 3177 | 3177 | 4498 | 4498 | 7097 | 8995 | |||||||
2 1/2 | 2.875 | 3460 | 3460 | 4704 | 4704 | 6391 | 9408 | |||||||
3 | 3.5 | 3024 | 3024 | 4200 | 4200 | 6132 | 8400 | |||||||
3 1/2 | 4 | 2769 | 2769 | 3896 | 3896 | |||||||||
4 | 4.5 | 2581 | 2581 | 3670 | 3670 | 4769 | 5782 | 7339 | ||||||
5 | 5.563 | 2273 | 2273 | 3303 | 3303 | 4404 | 5505 | 6606 | ||||||
6 | 6.625 | 2071 | 2071 | 3195 | 3195 | 4157 | 5318 | 6390 | ||||||
8 | 8.625 | 1420 | 1574 | 1829 | 1829 | 2307 | 2841 | 2841 | 3375 | 4085 | 4613 | 5147 | 4971 | |
10 | 10.75 | 1140 | 1399 | 1664 | 1664 | 2279 | 2279 | 2708 | 3277 | 3847 | 4558 | 5128 | 4558 | |
12 | 12.75 | 961 | 1268 | 1441 | 1560 | 2160 | 1922 | 2644 | 3244 | 3843 | 4324 | 5042 | 3843 | |
14 | 14 | 875 | 1092 | 1313 | 1313 | 1533 | 2079 | 1750 | 2625 | 3283 | 3829 | 4375 | 4921 | |
16 | 16 | 766 | 956 | 1148 | 1148 | 1531 | 2009 | 1531 | 2585 | 3157 | 3733 | 4404 | 4882 | |
18 | 18 | 681 | 849 | 1192 | 1021 | 1530 | 2042 | 1361 | 2553 | 3147 | 3743 | 4252 | 4848 | |
20 | 20 | 613 | 919 | 1225 | 919 | 1455 | 1989 | 1225 | 2526 | 3138 | 3675 | 4288 | 4824 | |
22 | 22 | 557 | 835 | 1114 | 835 | 1949 | 1114 | 2506 | 3063 | 3619 | 4176 | 4733 | ||
24 | 24 | 510 | 766 | 1147 | 766 | 1405 | 1978 | 1021 | 2489 | 3126 | 3700 | 4210 | 4786 | |
30 | 30 | 510 | 817 | 1021 | 613 | 817 | ||||||||
32 | 32 | 478 | 766 | 957 | 574 | 1054 | ||||||||
34 | 34 | 450 | 721 | 901 | 540 | 992 | ||||||||
36 | 36 | 425 | 681 | 851 | 510 | 1021 | ||||||||
42 | 42 | 583 | 729 | 438 | 875 | |||||||||
NB | Size | OD | 40S | 5S | 10S | S10 | S20 | S40 | S60 | XS/80S | S80 | S100 | S120 | S140 | S160 | XXS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | ||
1/8 | 10.29 | 1.2 | 1.73 | 2.41 | ||||||||||||
1/4 | 13.72 | 1.7 | 2.24 | 3.02 | ||||||||||||
3/8 | 17.15 | 1.7 | 2.31 | 3.2 | ||||||||||||
15 | 1/2 | 21.34 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.77 | 3.73 | 3.73 | 4.78 | 7.47 | ||||||
20 | 3/4 | 26.67 | 2.9 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.87 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 5.56 | 7.82 | ||||||
25 | 1 | 33.4 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 3.38 | 4.55 | 4.55 | 6.35 | 9.09 | ||||||
32 | 1 1/4 | 42.16 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 3.56 | 4.85 | 4.85 | 6.35 | 9.7 | ||||||
40 | 1 1/2 | 48.26 | 3.7 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 3.68 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 7.14 | 10.2 | ||||||
50 | 2 | 60.33 | 3.9 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 5.54 | 9.74 | 11.1 | ||||||
65 | 2 1/2 | 73.03 | 5.2 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 5.16 | 7.01 | 7.01 | 9.53 | 14 | ||||||
80 | 3 | 88.9 | 5.5 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 5.49 | 7.62 | 7.62 | 11.1 | 15.2 | ||||||
90 | 3 1/2 | 101.6 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 5.74 | 8.08 | 8.08 | ||||||||
100 | 4 | 114.3 | 6 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 8.56 | 11.1 | 13.5 | 17.1 | |||||
125 | 5 | 141.3 | 6.6 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 6.55 | 9.53 | 9.53 | 12.7 | 15.9 | 19.1 | |||||
150 | 6 | 168.3 | 7.1 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 7.11 | 10.97 | 11 | 14.3 | 18.3 | 22 | |||||
200 | 8 | 219.1 | 8.2 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 6.4 | 8.18 | 10.3 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 15.1 | 19.3 | 20.6 | 23 | 22.2 | |
250 | 10 | 273.1 | 9.3 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 6.4 | 9.27 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 15.1 | 19.3 | 21.4 | 25.4 | 28.6 | 25.4 | |
300 | 12 | 323.9 | 9.5 | 4 | 4.6 | 6.4 | 10.3 | 14.3 | 12.7 | 17.5 | 21.4 | 25.4 | 28.6 | 33.3 | 25.4 | |
350 | 14 | 355.6 | 9.5 | 4 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 7.9 | 11.1 | 15.1 | 12.7 | 19.1 | 23.8 | 27.8 | 31.8 | 35.7 | |
400 | 16 | 406.4 | 9.5 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 7.9 | 12.7 | 16.7 | 12.7 | 21.4 | 26.2 | 31 | 36.5 | 40.5 | |
450 | 18 | 457.2 | 9.5 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 7.9 | 14.3 | 19.1 | 12.7 | 23.8 | 29.4 | 34.9 | 39.7 | 45.2 | |
500 | 20 | 508 | 9.5 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 9.5 | 15.1 | 20.6 | 12.7 | 26.2 | 32.5 | 38.1 | 44.5 | 50 | |
550 | 22 | 558.8 | 9.5 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 9.5 | 22.2 | 12.7 | 28.6 | 34.9 | 41.3 | 47.6 | 54 | ||
600 | 24 | 609.6 | 9.5 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 9.5 | 17.5 | 24.6 | 12.7 | 31 | 38.9 | 46 | 52.4 | 59.5 | |
650 | 26 | 660.4 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 13 | 12.7 | ||||||||||
700 | 28 | 711.2 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 13 | 12.7 | ||||||||||
750 | 30 | 762 | 9.5 | 6.4 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 13 | 12.7 | ||||||||
800 | 32 | 812.8 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 13 | 17.5 | 12.7 | |||||||||
850 | 34 | 863.6 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 13 | 17.5 | 12.7 | |||||||||
900 | 36 | 914.4 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 13 | 19.1 | 12.7 |
Size NPS | Pipe O.D. | Wall Thickness | Pipe I.D. | Weight per Foot | Standard to XXHY | Schedule Pipe # |
Section Modulus | Gallon Capacity Per Linear Foot |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/2 | 0.84 | 0.109 | 0.622 | 0.85 | STD | 40 | .0407 | .0158 |
0.147 | 0.546 | 1.09 | XHY | 80 | .0478 | .0122 | ||
0.188 | 0.464 | 1.31 | 160 | .0528 | .0088 | |||
0.294 | 0.252 | 1.72 | XXHY | .0577 | .0026 | |||
3/4 | 1.05 | 0.113 | 0.824 | 1.13 | STD | 40 | .0705 | .0277 |
0.154 | 0.742 | 1.48 | XHY | 80 | .0853 | .0225 | ||
0.219 | 0.612 | 1.95 | 160 | .1006 | .0153 | |||
0.308 | 0.434 | 2.44 | XXHY | .1103 | .0077 | |||
1 | 1.315 | 0.133 | 1.049 | 1.68 | STD | 40 | .1328 | .0449 |
0.179 | 0.957 | 2.17 | XHY | 80 | .1606 | .0374 | ||
0.250 | 0.815 | 2.85 | 160 | .1904 | .0271 | |||
0.358 | 0.599 | 3.66 | XXHY | .2136 | .0146 | |||
1 1/4 | 1.66 | 0.140 | 1.380 | 2.27 | STD | 40 | .2346 | .0777 |
0.191 | 1.278 | 3.00 | XHY | 80 | .2913 | .0666 | ||
0.250 | 1.160 | 3.77 | 160 | .3421 | .0549 | |||
0.382 | 0.896 | 5.22 | .4110 | .0328 | ||||
1 1/2 | 1.90 | 0.145 | 1.610 | 2.72 | STD | 40 | .3262 | .1058 |
0.200 | 1.500 | 3.63 | XHY | 80 | .4118 | .0918 | ||
0.281 | 1.338 | 4.86 | 160 | .5079 | .0730 | |||
0.400 | 1.100 | 6.41 | .5977 | .0494 | ||||
2 | 2.375 | 0.109 | 2.157 | 2.64 | 10 | .4205 | .1898 | |
0.154 | 2.067 | 3.66 | STD | 40 | .5606 | .1743 | ||
0.218 | 1.939 | 5.03 | XHY | 80 | .7309 | .1534 | ||
0.250 | 1.875 | 5.68 | .8045 | .1434 | ||||
0.281 | 1.813 | 6.29 | .8666 | .1344 | ||||
0.344 | 1.687 | 7.47 | 160 | .9806 | .1161 | |||
0.436 | 1.503 | 9.04 | XXHY | 1.1043 | .0922 | |||
2 1/2 | 2.875 | 0.120 | 2.635 | 3.53 | 10 | .6870 | .2833 | |
0.203 | 2.469 | 5.80 | STD. | 40 | 1.0640 | .2487 | ||
0.216 | 2.443 | 6.14 | 1.1169 | .2435 | ||||
0.250 | 2.375 | 7.02 | 1.2468 | .2301 | ||||
0.276 | 2.323 | 7.67 | XHY | 80 | 1.3386 | .2202 | ||
0.375 | 2.125 | 10.02 | 160 | 1.6371 | .1842 | |||
0.552 | 1.771 | 13.71 | XXXHY | 1.9971 | .1280 | |||
3 | 3.50 | 0.120 | 3.260 | 4.34 | 1.0411 | .4336 | ||
0.156 | 3.188 | 5.58 | 1.3122 | .4147 | ||||
0.172 | 3.156 | 6.12 | 1.4265 | .4064 | ||||
0.188 | 3.124 | 6.66 | 1.5342 | .3984 | ||||
0.216 | 3.068 | 7.58 | STD. | 40 | 1.7241 | .3840 | ||
0.250 | 3.000 | 8.69 | 1.9372 | .3672 | ||||
0.281 | 2.938 | 9.67 | 2.1207 | .3521 | ||||
0.300 | 2.900 | 10.26 | XHY | 80 | 2.2253 | .3431 | ||
0.438 | 2.624 | 14.34 | 160 | 2.8774 | .2811 | |||
0.600 | 2.300 | 18.6 | XXHY | 3.4243 | .2158 | |||
3 1/2 | 4.0 | 0.120 | 3.760 | 4.98 | 10 | 1.3776 | .5768 | |
0.226 | 3.548 | 9.12 | STD. | 140 | 2.3939 | .5136 | ||
0.250 | 3.500 | 10.02 | 2.6001 | .4998 | ||||
0.281 | 3.438 | 11.17 | 2.8562 | .4821 | ||||
0.318 | 3.364 | 12.52 | XHY | 80 | 3.1400 | .4617 | ||
0.636 | 2..728 | 22.87 | XXHY | 4.8795 | .3085 | |||
4 | 4.5 | 0.120 | 4.260 | 5.62 | 10 | 1.7612 | .7404 | |
0.156 | 4.188 | 7.24 | 2.2354 | .7156 | ||||
0.188 | 4.124 | 8.67 | 2.6296 | .6942 | ||||
0.203 | 4.094 | 9.32 | 2.8173 | .6838 | ||||
0.219 | 4.062 | 10.02 | 3.0184 | .6725 | ||||
0.237 | 4.026 | 10.80 | STD. | 40 | 3.2145 | .6613 | ||
0.250 | 4.000 | 11.36 | 3.3611 | .6528 | ||||
0.281 | 3.938 | 12.67 | 60 | 3.7021 | .6326 | |||
0.312 | 3.876 | 13.97 | 4.0273 | .6126 | ||||
0.337 | 3.826 | 15.00 | XHY | 80 | 4.2713 | .5972 | ||
0.438 | 3.624 | 19.02 | 120 | 5.1790 | .5361 | |||
0.531 | 3.438 | 22.53 | 160 | 5.8997 | .4822 | |||
0.674 | 3.152 | 27.57 | XXHY | 6.7927 | .4054 | |||
5 | 5.563 | 0.188 | 5.187 | 10.80 | 4.1161 | 1.0979 | ||
0.219 | 5.125 | 12.51 | 4.7279 | 1.0716 | ||||
0.258 | 5.047 | 14.63 | STD. | 40 | 5.4500 | 1.0391 | ||
0.281 | 5.001 | 15.87 | 5.8644 | 1.0204 | ||||
0.312 | 4.939 | 17.51 | 6.4074 | .99647 | ||||
0.344 | 4.875 | 19.19 | 6.9358 | .9696 | ||||
0.375 | 4.813 | 20.80 | XHY | 80 | 7.4300 | .9449 | ||
0.500 | 4.563 | 27.06 | 120 | 9.2534 | .8495 | |||
0.625 | 4.313 | 32.99 | 160 | 10.7976 | .7590 | |||
0.750 | 4.063 | 38.59 | XXHY | 12.0954 | .6734 | |||
6 | 6.625 | 0.109 | 6.407 | 7.59 | 5 | 3.5769 | 1.6748 | |
0.134 | 6.357 | 9.30 | 10 | 4.3475 | 1.6488 | |||
0.156 | 6.313 | 10.79 | 5.0107 | 1.6260 | ||||
0.188 | 6.249 | 12.94 | 5.9351 | 1.5937 | ||||
0.203 | 6.219 | 13.94 | 6.3804 | 1.5780 | ||||
0.219 | 6.187 | 15.00 | 6.8261 | 1.5620 | ||||
0.250 | 6.125 | 17.04 | 7.6905 | 1.5306 | ||||
0.280 | 6.065 | 18.99 | STD. | 40 | 8.4958 | 1.5008 | ||
0.312 | 6.001 | 21.06 | 9.3416 | 1.4688 | ||||
0.344 | 5.937 | 23.10 | 10.111 | 1.4391 | ||||
0.375 | 5.875 | 25.05 | 10.893 | 1.4082 | ||||
0.432 | 5.761 | 28.60 | XHY | 80 | 12.224 | 1.3541 | ||
0.500 | 5.625 | 32.74 | 13.711 | 1.2909 | ||||
0.562 | 5.501 | 36.43 | 120 | 14.9806 | 1.2346 | |||
0.625 | 5.375 | 40.09 | 16.1821 | 1.1787 | ||||
0.719 | 5.187 | 45.39 | 160 | 17.8243 | 1.0977 | |||
0.864 | 4.897 | 53.21 | XXHY | 20.025 | .9784 | |||
1.000 | 4.625 | 60.13 | 21.7719 | .8727 | ||||
1.125 | 4.375 | 66.14 | 23.1237 | .7809 |
Size"
|
MSL Make
|
ISMT make
|
JSL Make
|
---|---|---|---|
1/2"
|
1,323.53
|
1,316.18
|
1,330.88
|
3/4"
|
1,102.94
|
1,095.59
|
1,110.29
|
1"
|
955.88
|
948.53
|
963.24
|
1.25"
|
911.76
|
904.41
|
919.12
|
1.5"
|
808.82
|
801.47
|
816.18
|
Please note: All Above Prices are USD $/Ton. All price applicable for SCH 40, SCH 60, SCH 80 & SCH XS carbon steel pipe price per meter in Raurkela, Odisha
MSI Fittings is a Govt. approved certified Stockist of Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe, Cs Erw Pipe, Steel Galvanized Pipe, 16" Sch 40 Cs Pipe in Raurkela, Odisha, We have our Schedule 10, 80, 160 Carbon Steel Pipe, Carbon Steel Saw Pipes, CS Ibr Approved Pipes distributor and wholesaler in Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, United Arab Emirates (UAE) & South Africa. We are well-known as a trusted Manufacturer of Carbon Steel Pipe Manufacturers in Raurkela, Odisha, Carbon Steel Cold Drawn Seamless Pipes, Carbon Steel Welded Pipe, Carbon Steel ERW Pipe in Raurkela, Odisha
Carbon Steel Hexagonal Pipes | Carbon Steel API5L Pipes |
CS Pipes | Carbon Steel Black Round Pipes |
CS ERW Pipes | API5L Carbon Steel ERW Pipes |
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipes | Carbon Steel Welded Pipes |
Carbon Steel Seamless Pipes | Carbon Steel Erw Pipes |
Carbon Steel Pipes Sour Service Line Pipes | Carbon Steel Pipes Grade C |
MSI Fittings is a manufacturer and supplier of Carbon Steel Pipe Manufacturers in Raurkela, Odisha, CS EFW Pipe, Carbon Steel Line Pipes, High Yield Carbon Steel Pipe, Carbon Steel Rectangular Pipes, Carbon Steel Square Pipe offering in all Ratings up to 3000#, built a distribution network with more then 25 countries globally like Malaysia, India, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia (KSA), Singapore, Kuwait, Qatar, Philippines, United Arab Emirates (UAE), South Africa, UK, Oman, Bahrain. You can mail for API 5L Carbon Steel Line Pipes and Tube, Carbon Steel Api 5l Pipes, CS Pipe, Carbon Steel Line Pipes to induce live quotes now. Looking to buy Jindal Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe, MSL Carbon Steel Welded Pipes, ISMT Carbon Steel Efw Pipe at the best cost in Raurkela, Odisha.
We are Manufacturer and Exporter of Carbon Steel Erw Pipe in Raurkela, Odisha. All of our Carbon Steel High Temperature Pipe, Carbon Steel Rectangular Pipe, Carbon Steel Square Pipe, Carbon Steel Cold Drawn Seamless Pipes is made and tried to worldwide guidelines, and specifications as per ASME, ANSI & ASTM, etc. We have our Manufacturing Unit and Dealers of High Yield Carbon Steel Pipe, Carbon Steel Pipe Manufacturers in India, Carbon Steel Seamless Pipes, Carbon Steel Welded Pipes, Seamless carbon steel pipe in Odisha.